Trigger Finger (Stenosing Tenosynovitis): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Trigger finger is a condition where a finger or thumb gets stuck in a bent position and then snaps straight like a trigger being released. It happens due to inflammation or thickening of the tendon sheath in the affected finger, making movement difficult and painful.
Causes of Trigger Finger
🔹 Repetitive hand movements – Frequent gripping, typing, or tool use.
🔹 Inflammatory conditions – Arthritis, diabetes, gout.
🔹 Overuse injuries – Sports, manual labor, or excessive texting.
🔹 Hormonal changes – More common in women, especially after menopause.
Symptoms of Trigger Finger
Finger stiffness (especially in the morning).
Pain at the base of the affected finger or thumb.
Clicking or popping sensation when bending or straightening the finger.
Finger gets stuck in a bent position and then suddenly straightens.
A small lump (nodule) at the base of the finger may be felt.
Diagnosis of Trigger Finger
🔹 Physical exam – Checking finger movement, pain, and clicking.
🔹 No X-ray or MRI needed – Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms.
Treatment for Trigger Finger
1. Home Remedies & Lifestyle Changes (Mild Cases)
Rest the finger – Avoid repetitive gripping.
Apply ice or warm compresses – Reduces swelling and pain.
Gentle stretching exercises – Improves finger mobility.
Splinting – Keeps the finger straight at night.
2. Medications & Injections
NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, Naproxen) – Reduces pain and inflammation.
Corticosteroid injections – Helps reduce swelling and improves movement (effective for months).
3. Surgery (For Severe Cases)
Trigger Finger Release (Tenolysis) – A minor procedure to release the tendon sheath and restore movement.
Percutaneous Release – A less invasive method using a needle to loosen the tendon.
When to See a Doctor?
🔹 If pain worsens or affects daily activities.
🔹 If the finger is stuck in a bent position.
🔹 If home treatments and medications don’t work.