Yeast Infection: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
A yeast infection is a fungal infection caused by the overgrowth of Candida, a type of yeast that naturally exists in the body. It commonly affects the skin, mouth, throat, gut, and genital areas.
Types of Yeast Infections
🔹 Oral Thrush (Oropharyngeal Candidiasis) – Affects the mouth and throat.
🔹 Vaginal Yeast Infection (Vaginal Candidiasis) – Common in women.
🔹 Skin Yeast Infection (Cutaneous Candidiasis) – Affects skin folds.
🔹 Invasive Candidiasis – A severe infection affecting the bloodstream & organs.
Causes of Yeast Infection
Weakened immune system – HIV, diabetes, cancer treatments.
Antibiotic use – Kills good bacteria, allowing yeast to grow.
Hormonal changes – Pregnancy, birth control pills, menopause.
High sugar diet – Excess sugar promotes yeast growth.
Poor hygiene & damp conditions – Increases skin yeast infections.
Sexual contact – Though not an STI, yeast infections can spread.
Symptoms of Yeast Infection
1. Vaginal Yeast Infection
Itching, burning, and swelling in the vaginal area.
Thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge.
Pain or discomfort during urination & sex.
2. Oral Thrush
White patches on the tongue & inside cheeks.
Soreness & difficulty swallowing.
3. Skin Yeast Infection
Red, itchy rash in warm, moist areas (armpits, groin, under breasts).
Peeling, cracking, or oozing skin.
4. Invasive Candidiasis (Severe Cases)
Fever, chills, and fatigue.
Organ failure (if untreated in bloodstream infections).
Diagnosis
Physical Examination – Based on symptoms.
Lab Tests – Microscopic examination of discharge or skin samples.
Blood Test – For severe infections.
Treatment for Yeast Infection
1. Medications
Antifungal creams & ointments – Clotrimazole, Miconazole.
Oral antifungal pills – Fluconazole (for severe cases).
Medicated suppositories – Inserted into the vagina for yeast infections.
2. Home Remedies
Garlic – Natural antifungal properties.
Yogurt & Probiotics – Restores good bacteria balance.
Apple Cider Vinegar – Diluted in water for external use.
Coconut Oil & Tea Tree Oil – Has antifungal effects.
Prevention Tips
Wear breathable cotton underwear – Avoid tight synthetic fabrics.
Keep the body dry – Change sweaty clothes immediately.
Avoid excessive sugar intake – Yeast thrives on sugar.
Limit unnecessary antibiotic use – Preserves good bacteria.
Practice good hygiene – Regular washing and drying of body folds.